Turbine



Nov. 5, 19 o. E. HAUSOTTE TURBINE Filed Aug. 8, 1927 mn/s/vrofi W 5. M

5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 5, 1929. HAUSOTTE 1,734,332

I TURBINE Filed Aug. 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 //\/Z/E/\/ 727 R 6 (5. W272 /47'7'URNE- Nov. 5, 1929. o. E. HAUSOTTE TURBINE I Filed Aug. 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet D/GTTUR/VE o. E. HAUSOTTE ,332

TURBINE Filed Aug. 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Nov. 5, 1929.

Nov. 5, 1929. o, HAUSOTTE 1,734,332

TURBINE Filed Aug. 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 TTURNE/ Patented Nov 1929 PATENT omcs OSCAR E. HAUSOTTE, OI PORTLAND, OREGON rummm Application and August a, 1927. Serial 1%. 211,604.

This invention relates generally to prime movers, and particularly to that type in which expansion of fluids and gases occurs at the center of the rotative element.

The object of this invention is the construction of a new and useful form of prime mover which is especially adapted for use with gaseous fuel, same being burned internally.

The. second object is to so construct the same as to secure the maximum amount of efiiciency from the device by having reaction from the explosive forces directed radially against the periphery of a central cylindrical member and by reducing, as far as possible, all contacts between related parts against which the explosive forces are directed.

The third object is to provide a unique form of intake and exhaust valve which will be especially adapted for this type of engine.

The fourth ob'ect is to provide a valve mechanism wherein the valve is opened by the explosive force of the burning fuel and where in the effective area of the valve increases when once. unseated by a maximum pressure, making it possible for even a reduced pressure to hold the valve open against its spring until the scavenging is completed.

These, and other objects, will become more apparent from the specification following as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: v

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the engine. Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken along the line 22 in Figure 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the turbine and valve showing the ports closed. Fi ure 4 is a transverse section taken along the line 4-4 in Figure 3. Figure 5 is a side elevation of the entire lengt Figure 6 is a sectional development of the valve ports. Figure 7 is a plan of the completed assembly.

Similar numbers of referencerefer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the central member consists of a turbine wheel 10 having a spiral passage 11 formed in the 7 cover 12 on one side of the member 10 and a 12 and 14 are mounted on the sleeve 15 whose shouldered end 16 is supported by the bearing 17 in the housing 18. elt rings 19 on opposite sides of the bearing 17 prevent the escape of lubricant. The fan 20 is mounted on the projecting end of the member 16.

The end 21 of the sleeve 15 is counterbored to receive the shank 22 of the sleeve 23 which is carried by the bearing 24 in the housing 18. A felt washer 25 is placed between the bearin 24 and the turbine wheel 10. A gear 26 is eyed on the end of the sleeve 23.

Inside of the sleeve 15 is placed a valve sleeve 27 whose end 28 has a somewhat reduced diameter and is supported on the bushin 29 within the sleeve 15.

etween the shank 22 and the end 21 is formed a circular passage 30 which is joined by the outlet ports 31 to the spiral passages 11 and 13 whereas the outlet ports 32 connect the combustion chamber 33 with thepassageways 11 and 13. Around the end 28 of the sleeve 27 is placed a spring 34 which urges the face 35 of the valve sleeve 27 toward the shoulder 36 in the firing chamber 33.

Inside of the valve sleeve 27 is a rotatable non-sliding head 37 for the combustion chamber 33. The head 37 has a shank 38 of somewhat smaller diameter which is carried in the bushing 29. A spark plug 39 is mounted in the head 37 and its lead wire 40 is carried in the tube 41 to the contact arm 42 to which electrical energy is supplied from any convenient source.

The extreme end 43 of the sleeve 15 passes through the gland 44 into the stuflin box 45 of a water leg 46 which connects wit% the interior of the head 37.

Below the housing 18 is secured the crank case 47 (see Figure 1) in which is mounted a crank shaft 48 whose crank 49 actuates a piston 50 within the cylinder 51. On the shaft 48 is formed an extension shaft 52 which actuates the timer 53. On the shaft 48 is also secured a gear 54 which meshes with the gear 26 on the valve sleeve 23. These ears are in a two to one ratio. Extending roin the valve sleeve 23 is a spindle 56 which extends to the combustion chamber 33 and has formed in its end a seat 57 for the valve 58 on whose stem 59 is mounted a piston 60 which can cover the port 61 within thespinumping cam 62, a fuel inlet cam 63 and a el outlet cam 64. The fuel outlet cam 64 engages the tappet 65 which, in turn, operates t e push ro 66 provided with the spring 67. The rod 66 operates the bell crank lever 68 which, in turn, moves the rod 69 whose swivel connection 70 joins the rod 69 to the stem 59. In the piston 60 is formed a plurality of openings 71 which extend entirely through the piston (see Fig. 4).

The housing 18, which also includes the turbine wheel 10, is provided with an outlet 72 having the up-turned vanes 73 formed therein to form water-catching pockets, which water is permitted to drain out through the ports 74 into the jacket 75.

Referring more particularly to Figures 4 and 6 for a better understanding of the port openings around the combustion chamber 1t will be seen that between the members 10 and 12 exists a passage way 11 having a closed end 76 near which is a small outlet port 32, which will be'referred to as the first firing ort. A short distance therefrom, and also 1n the channel 11, is a second outlet port 32-A which will be referred to as the second firing port, which is slightly larger than the port 32. A still larger port 32B is positioned still further away from the port 32.

At the opposite end of the channel 11 near the closed end 76 is a water outlet port31. The same series of ports 32, 32--A, 32B and 31 is formed between the members 10 and 14 approximately opposite each other.

In the head 37 is formed an opening 77 which registers with the slot 78 in the member 24 at all times, and the slot 78 registers with the passageway 79 in the members 22 and 27, making it possible for water to flow from the inside of the head 37 into the circular passage 30 from whence it escapes through the port 31 and comes in contact with the hot expanding gases issuing from the ports 32, 32A and 32B.

Above the water leg 46 is mounted a cylinder 80 which contains a piston 81 to which is fastened the stem 82 of a valve 83, which prevents the passage of water between the interior of the head 37 and the water leg 46 when the valve is closedthat is, when the piston 81 is in its uppermost positlon to which it is urged by the spring 84. It Wlll be noted that the radiator is held above the water leg 46. A pressure pipe 86 connects the cylinder 80 with the top of the housing 18.

Normally the valve 83 is closed by the spring 84 to prevent water from running out of the head 37 into the housing 18, as, for example, when the turbine is not running. However, when in operation, any pressure masses built up within thehousing 18, or rather at the outermost portion thereof, will be carried by the pipe 86 to the cylinder 80, which causes the valve 83 to be unseated and ermits water to circulate from the head 37 into the turbine.

It will be noted that the walls 87 are spiral and that the expansion of gases occurring between these spiral walls and the outer portion 88 of the sleeve 15 will cause same to rotate. As the gas from the port 32B expands it backs up the smaller volume of gas escaping from the port 32A which, in turn, backs up the gases escaping from the ports 32. When the burned gases are almost completely expanded, although still retaining considerable heat, they are met by a spray of water which is projected outwardly by centrifugal force through the port 31, causing a further reduction in the volume of the gases. This water is prevented from escaping through the exhaust by means of the veins 73 and is also prevented from bein carried around with the rotor by the uprig 1t ribs 89 formed within the housing 18.

v Turning now to Figure 2 there is shown a carburetor 90 from which gas is carried around the annular passage 91 to the under side of the inlet valve 92 which is actuated by the fuel inlet cam 63. Water which collects in the bottom of the housing 18 is collected in the sump 93 and returned to the top of the radiator 85 by way of the pipe 94; whereas the bottom of the water leg 46 is connected with the bottom of the radiator 85 by means of the pipe 95.

The operation of the turbine is as follows: Assuming that the shaft 48 is turned over by hand or by means of a mechanical starter (not shown) until fuel is drawn from the carburetor 90 by the piston 50 and compressed within the cylinder 51, while the piston 60 covers the port 61. As the fuel outlet cam 64 comes up it operates the bell crank lever 68 and, through the rod 69, moves the piston 60 to uncover the port '61 and, at the same time, opens the valve 58 admitting the compressed gas to the combustion chamber 33, as shown in Figure 3. At thisjuncture the sleeve valve 23 is held against the seat 36 exposing only a portion of the end area of the sleeve 27, which is sufficiently small to prevent the maximum pressure of compression to unseat the sleeve 27. At this point ignition occurs which, of course, greatly increases the pressure within the combustion chamber; sufficiently so, in fact, to unseat the sleeve 27. Once unseated a larger area of the sleeve is exposed and it is impossible for the spring 34 to hold the sleeve valve 27 against the ex losive force of the gases. This results in t e uncovering of the ports 32, 32A and 32B through which the burning gases can esca e into the spiral paths of the rotor, causing the same to rotate.

81 and utilized to unseat the valve 83. In

stantly, however, the rotation of the rotor ceases the valve 83 closes, preventing the water in the radiator and associated parts which lie above the lowermost portion of the member 537, from filling up the housing 18.

No elaboration has been made on the mechanical details employed in the various mechanisms associated with this device, for the reason that these may assume a great variety of forms which may operate with equal success without departing from the spirit of this invention.

I am aware that a great variety of steam and combustion turbines have been constructed in the past; it is therefore not my. desire to cover same broadly, but I do in tend to cover all such forms and modifications thereof as fall fairly within the apin said spindle; a water-cooled head across the center portion of one end of said combustion chamber having its outlet sides spaced from the side walls of said combustion chamber; a slidable sleeve valve around said head normally closing the head end of said combustion chamber; and a spring for urging said sleeve valve to such a closed position, said spindle, sleeve and head having ports formed therein communicating with the spiral passageways in said rotor.

2. A gas combustion turbine having a hollow rotatable spindle provided with a cylindrical combustion chamber formed concentric therein, one head of said combustion chamber having an annular groove formed around its outer portion the outside of which projects beyond the outside of the combustion chamber; a sleeve valve slidably mounted in said groove, said spindle havingports formed therein adapted to allow gases from said combustion chamber to escape into said rotor when said sleeve is moved away from said combustion chamber; means for introducing charges of compressed fuel gas into said combustion chamber; and means for igniting each charge of fuel after it is deliveredto said combustion chamber.

3. A gas combustion turbine having a hollow rotatable spindle; a housing supporting said spindle; a rotor mounted on said spinand circulating system between the top an dle within said housing having spiral channels formed therein extending from said spindle to the outside of said rotor; a cylindrical combustion chamber formed within said spindle coaxial therewith having an annular groove formed around one end thereof; a slidable sleeve mounted in said groove having one end thereof seated against a shoulder between said groove and combustion chamber having a portion thereof exposed to ressures within said combustion chamber w en said sleeve is in a seated position; a spring for holding said sleeve to said seated position,

said spindle having outlet ports formed therein adapted to be closed when said sleeve is seated against the end of said groove; and means for discharging water into the discharge end of the spiral-shaped passage ways.

4. In a gas combustion turbine, the combination of a housing; a rotatable hollow spindle mounted in said housing; a rotor mounted on said s indle havin spiral channels formed thereln radiating rom said spindle to the periphery of said rotor, said spindle having a combustion chamber formed therein concentric with the axis of said spindle, one end of said chamber having a counterbored recess having a head mounted in said counterbore having an outside diameter somewhat less than the inside diameter of said counter bore; a sleeve around said head adapted to seat against the end of said counterbore in a manner to expose only a portion of saich'sleeve to pressures within the combustion chamber while the sleeve is seated and to expose the entire end area of the sleeve to such pressures when the sleeve is unseated, said spindle having gas ports formed therei in between said combustion chamber and the spiral passageway, said head, sleeve and spindle having water ports registering with each other at all times and opening into said spiral passageways from said head; and a cooling bottom of said housing.

OSCAR E. HAUSOTTE. 

